为什么what在名词性从句为关系代词

3个回答

  • 关系代词

    (1) 关系代词用来引导定语从句.它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,例如:The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹.(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语.)

    (2) 关系代词有主格,宾格和所有格之分,并有指人与指物之分.在限定性定语从句中,that 可指人也可指物,见表:

    限定性 非限定性 限定性

    指 人 指 物 指人或指物

    主 格 who which that

    宾 格 whom that that

    所有格 whose of which/whose of which/whose

    例如:

    This is the pencil whose point is broken.

    这就是那个折了尖的铅笔.

    (whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)

    He came back for the book which he had forgotten.他回来取他丢下的书.

    (which指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)

    (3) 关系代词which的先行词可以是一个句子,例如:

    He said he saw me there,which was a lie.

    他说在那儿看到了我,纯属谎言.

    说明:关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略,例如:

    I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.

    我过去懂拉丁语,现在大都忘了.

    He's changed.He's not the man he was.

    他变化很大,已不是过去的他了.

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    连接代词 连接代词在引起从句时,都称为连接代词,包括who/whom/what/where/when/why/how,它们可以引起:a.主语从句:

    It hasn’t been announced who won the prizes.还没宣布谁获奖.

    It is clear enough what she meant.

    b.宾语从句:

    I don’t care what they think.他们怎么想我不管.

    Ask her which he wants.问她要哪一个.

    c.表语从句:

    The question is who(m) we should trust.问题是我们应当相信谁.

    What I want to know is which road we should take.我想知道的是我们应走哪条路.

    * 连接代词还可引起不定式,都用作宾语或介词的宾语:

    Tell him what to do.告诉他怎样做.

    Lucy can’t decide which to choose.露西不能决定选哪个好.

    They exchanged views on the question of whom to elect.他们就该选谁的问题交换了意见.