元音 /α:/、/?/、/?:/、/u/、/u:/、/Λ/、/?/、/?:/（这里是重点）
1、 /α:/ ：嘴全开,唇成自然状,舌根部后缩,后位音、长元音,字母组合ar发这个音.
发音练习：heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass hard far star park half father master
朗读单词：/æ/与/α:/的比较
cap carp am arm lad lard ant aunt pack park
bad bard ham harm lack lark chat chart hash harsh
2、/?/ ：舌尖离开下齿龈,口成椭圆形,短元音,以辅音字母结尾的词的O常读此音.
发音练习：lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock watch
cost stop clock long gone wrong bottle orange doctor coffee
朗读单词：/æ/与/?/的比较
hat hot cat cot cap cop sack sock ran wrong
3、/?:/ ：比/?/开口更小,唇成圆形、突出,舌根部后缩,长元音.字母组合or、all、alk、aw常读此音.
发音练习：tall fall wall walk call yawn thought walking lawn short dawn talk storm fort morning
朗读单词：:/与/?/的比较
don dawn pot port cot caught spot sport not naught
cod cord stock stork fox fork
4、/u/ ：舌尖离开下齿龈,舌后部上抬,唇较圆,短元音.字母 u、oo、ou 常发此音.
发音练习：cook book look put good full foot would room broom push sugar woman football pudding goodbye
朗读单词：/u/与/?:/的比较
fall full talk book ball bull fought foot
5、/u:/ ：舌位同/u/,但比/u/稍低,唇较/u/更小、突出,长元音.o、oo、ou、常发此音.
发音练习：too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose shoes goose whose shoot pool foolish
朗读单词：/u:/与/u/的比较
coot could goose good whose hood shoot should pool pull
fool full
6、/Λ/ ：口腔全开,唇成自然状,短元音.
发音练习：cup bus gun hut sung duck lung luck cut stuck musk some honey money won mouth once couple shut up cousin fun
朗读单词：/Λ/与/æ/的比较
cap cup bag bug sack suck ban bun rag rug
7、/?/ ：口形与唇成自然状,肌肉放松,口腔半开,短元音./的拼写形式多种多样.
发音练习：ago about asleep above again among mother brother doctor teacher never danger sugar order butter picture
8、/?:/ ：口腔在半开状态,唇向两边咧开,长元音.
发音练习：shirt hurt burn girl bird nurse work worm curse world dirty skirt thirsty worst person curtin serve early
朗读单词：:/与/?:/的比较
torn turn short shirt wall world
【知识要记】：记得元音音素是 /α:/、/?/、/?:/、/u/、/u:/、/Λ/、/?/、/?:/（这里是重点）