国旗
The flag of Iceland (Icelandic:Íslenski fáninn) was officially described in Law No.34,set out on 17 June 1944,the day Iceland became a republic.The law is entitled "The Law of the National Flag of Icelanders and the State Arms" and describes the Icelandic flag as follows:
The civil national flag of Icelanders is blue as the sky with a snow-white cross,and a fiery-red cross inside the white cross.The arms of the cross extend to the edge of the flag,and their combined width is 2/9,but the red cross 1/9 of the combined width of the flag.The blue areas are right angled rectangles,the rectilinear surfaces are parallel and the outer rectilinear surfaces as wide as them,but twice the length.The dimensions between the width and length are 18:25.
Iceland's first national flag was a white cross on a deep blue background.It was first paraded in 1897.The modern flag dates from 1915,when a red cross was inserted into the white cross of the original flag.It was adopted in 1918 and became the national flag when Iceland gained independence from Denmark in 1944.For the Icelandic people the flag's coloring represents a vision of their country's landscape.The colors stand for 3 of the elements that make up the island.Red is the fire produced by the island's volcanoes,white recalls the ice and snow that covers Iceland,and blue for the Atlantic Ocean.
The state flag (Tjúgufáni) differs from the civil one,that the outer rectangles are three times longer than the hoist side rectangles and split at the end,cut directly from the outer corners to its center line.Cutting the inner edges of the outer rectangles at 4/7 of outer length and 3/7 of inner length of the outer rectangles.When this cut encounters the edge of the red cross it is cut vertically.
国徽
The Coat of arms of Iceland or Skjaldarmerki Íslands is a cross of silver on a sky-blue shield,with a fire-red cross inside the silver cross.(It looks like the Icelandic flag) The shieldbearers are the four protectors of Iceland (landvættir) standing on a pahoehoe lava block.The bull (Griðungur) is the protector of the southwestern Iceland,the eagle or griffin (Gammur) protects northwestern Iceland,the dragon (Dreki) the northeastern part and the Rock-giant (Bergrisi) is the protector of southeastern Iceland.Great respect was given to these creatures of Iceland,so much that there was a law in the days of the Vikings that no ship should bear grimacing symbols (most often dragonheads on the bow of the ship) when approaching Iceland.This was so the protectors would not be spooked unnecessarily.
The landvættir also decorate the obverse (front) of the Icelandic króna coins but animals of the ocean (fish,crabs and dolphins) appear on the reverse (back).The Icelandic presidency uses a swallowtailed Icelandic flag with the Coat of arms.The National Commissioner of Icelandic Police uses a white flag with the Coat of arms,when the use of the State flag is not warranted,and so may some other state services do as well.