5x²-4xy+4y²+12x+25
=x²-4xy+4y²+4x^2+12x+25
=(x-2y)^2+4(x^2+3x)+25
=(x-2y)^2+4(x^2+3x+9/4)+25-9
=(x-2y)^2+4(x+3/2)^2+16
≥16
最小值是16
5x²-4xy+4y²+12x+25
=x²-4xy+4y²+4x^2+12x+25
=(x-2y)^2+4(x^2+3x)+25
=(x-2y)^2+4(x^2+3x+9/4)+25-9
=(x-2y)^2+4(x+3/2)^2+16
≥16
最小值是16