life 是否可数,通常取决于两个方面:二是它表示某一意思时是侧重具体概念还是抽象概念.总的说来,以下几条原则值得注意:
1.表示“生活”时,若指某种方式的生活,为可数名词.
如:
What a life they had!
他们过着什么样的生活啊!
He leads a happy life in the country.
他在乡村过着幸福的生活.
若泛指一般意义的生活,则为不可数名词.
如:
They lacked the basic necessities of life.
他们缺乏生活的基本必需品.
Do you like life in the country better than town life?
你对农村生活比对城市生活还喜欢吗?
2.表示“生命”时,若表示泛指意义或抽象意义,为不可数名词.
如:
Stones don’t have life.石头没有生命.
How did life begin?生命是怎样开始的?
At last he knew the meaning of life.
他最后了解了生命的意义.
若表示具体的“性命”,则为可数名词.
如:
One careless step may cost a life.
一步不小心可能会丧命.
Several lives were lost in the accident.
这次事故中有好几个人丧生.
3.表示“一生”“一辈子”时,通常为可数名词.
如:
She led a long and happy life.
她度过了长寿幸福的一生.
4.泛指“人生”时为不可数名词.
如:
What was his aim in life?他人生的目的是什么?
Life is a continual struggle.人生就是不断的斗争.
但表示具体的“生平”“传记”时,为可数名词.
如:
He has written a new life of Newton.他写了一本新的牛顿传.
5.表示“生气”“活力”等,通常为不可数名词.
如:
Children were full of life this morning.孩子们今天早晨充满活力.
There were signs of life in the forest as the sun rose.
太阳升起时,森林里有了人类活动的迹象.