英语中的人称代词(Personal Pronouns)有主格、宾格和所有格之 分,如： I,me,my ; he,him,his ; they,them,their等. 顾名思义,主格(The nominative case)用作主语,宾格(The objective case)用作宾语,所有格(The possessive case)则表示所有之物. 在实际运用中,主格和宾格代词有时会混淆.下面是常见的问题： ⒈在复合结构里,人称代词的主格和宾格在单独使用时,没有问题,如很少人会犯下这样的错误： *(1)Wilcox spoke to I. *(2)Her knew what had happened. 但在复合结构中,错误就难免了,如： *(3)Wilcox spoke to my friend and I. *(4)He and her knew what had happened. *(5)This is between you and he. 这种错误是可避免的.第一,在有介词的复合结构中,特别要注意,第二个人称代词,必须用宾语,如："for you and me"和 "between Maria and him".第二,试把复合结构中的另一部分暂时用括号围起来,那么该用的格就容易辨别了,如： (6)This message is for (My father and) I or me. (7)(Marry and) he or him went downtown together. 显然的,(5)里的代词是宾格的"me",(6)里的代词是主格的"he". ⒉在比较结构里,连接词"as"或"than"后面,按理用主格式,但在口语中,人们常用宾格形式,学美式英语者,更是如此： (8)a.You did as well as she. b.You did as well as her. (9)a.I am older than he. b.I am older than him. (a)和(b)两种说法,都可接受.但如果"as"和"than"后头分句的主语和词动都要完整出现的话,这时的人称代词,就必须是主格,如下： (10)You did as well as she did. (11)I am older than he is . 此外,还有一点要注意,就是"as"和"than"后面虽然在语法上用主格好,用宾格也可,但是有时意思会有所不同.试比较(a)和(b)： (12)a.Jason praised Maria more highly than I.b.Jason praised Maria more highly than me. (12)a和b都被接受,但(12)a等于(13)a,而(12)b等于(13)B： (13)a.Jason praised Maria more highly than I did (= I praised Maria).b.Jason praised Maria more highly than he praised me. 显然,这两句的深层意思大有差别.遇到这种情形,为了避免误解,不妨根据要表达的意思用完整的句式表达出来.换句话说,必要的话,要用(13)这句子. 不然,把(13)a变成(14),(13)b变成(15)也可： (14)I did not praise Maria as highly as Jason did. (15)Jason did not praise me as highly as he praised Maria.
主格和宾格的区别?他们的用法?他们怎么区分?怎么用?