过去式与过去进行式的定义(各举一例)

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  • 11.2 一般过去时的用法

    1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态.例如:时间状语有:yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982等.例如:

    Where did you go just now?刚才你上哪儿去了?

    2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作.例如:

    When I was a child,I often played football in the street.我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球.

    Whenever the Browns went during their visit,they were given a warm welcome.

    那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎.

    3)句型:It is time for sb.to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了".例如:It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了.

    It is time that sb.did sth."时间已迟了" "早该……了" ,例如It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了.

    would (had) rather sb.did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事'.例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧.

    4) wish,wonder,think,hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在.例如:I thought you might have some.我以为你想要一些.

    比较:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义:她已不在人间.)

    Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义:她现在还活着)

    Mrs.Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州.)

    Mrs.Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)

    注意:用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气.

    1)动词want,hope,wonder,think,intend 等.例如:

    Did you want anything else?您还要些什么吗?

    I wondered if you could help me.能不能帮我一下.

    2)情态动词 could,would.例如:

    Could you lend me your bike?你的自行车,能借用一些吗?

    11.20 过去进行时

    1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作.

    2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生.

    3) 常用的时间状语有this morning,the whole morning,all day yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while等.例如:

    My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤.

    It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站时,正下着雨.

    When I got to the top of the mountain,the sun was shining.我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂.

    典型例题

    1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

    A.made B.is making C.was making D.makes

    答案C.割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时.同时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时.

    2) As she ___ the newspaper,Granny ___ asleep.

    A.read;was falling B.was reading; fell C.was reading; was falling D.read;fell

    答案B.句中的as = when,while,意为"当……之时".描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生.句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了."句中的 fell(fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick.