脂类在碱性环境或者弱酸性环境下可以水解.
弱酸性条件下:R1-COO-R2+ H2O=R1-COOH + R2OH (R指烃基)
碱性条件下:R1-COO-R2 + OH - = R1-COO- + R2-OH
碱性条件下水解较为彻底.