英语词组spend to.cost.pay for.take在用法上有什么区别 急求回答

3个回答

  • 没有send to呢.

    spend,cost,take和pay的区别是历年中考试题的必考内容之一,虽然它们都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同.

    spend的主语必须是人,常用于以下结构:(1) spend time /money on sth.在……上花费时间(金钱).例:I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时.(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事.例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间.(3)spend money for sth.花钱买…….例:His money was spent for books.他的钱用来买书了.

    cost的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示“值”,常见用法如下:(1)sth.costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱.例:A new computer costs a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱.(2) (doing) sth.costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间.例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词.

    注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句.

    take后面常跟双宾语,常见用法有以下几种:(1) It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间.例:It took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路.(2)doing sth.takes sb.+时间,做某事花了某人多少时间.例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一下午修车.

    pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth.付钱(给某人)买…….例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付20英磅的房租.(2)pay for sth.付……的钱.例:I have to pay for the book lost.我不得不赔丢失的书款.(3)pay for sb.替某人付钱.例:Don?蒺t worry!I'll pay for you.别担心,我会给你付钱的.(4)pay sb.付钱给某人.例:They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬.(5)pay money back 还钱.例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you?I'll pay it back next week.你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你.(6)pay off one's money还清钱.

    spend/cost/pay/take

    (1)spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型:

    (sb)spend some money/some time on sth.

    (sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.例如:

    I spent fifty yuan on the coat.

    = I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat.我花50元买了这件大衣.

    He spent three days on the work.

    = He spend three days (in) doing the work.我干这项工作用了3天.

    (2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间,其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物.句式是:

    It takes/took sb.some time to do sth=Sth.takes sb.some time.例如:

    It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses.

    画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间.

    The work will take me two days.这项工作花了2天时间.

    (3) pay为“付款、赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,往往是sb.pays some money for sth或pay sb.(some money for sth) 例如:

    I paid fifty yuan for the coat.我花50元买了这件大衣.

    He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine?他买药已付医生50英镑.

    How much did you pay him?你付他多少钱?

    (4) cost的主语必须是某物.spend … on sth./in doing sth.的主语必须是人.pay … for 的主语也是人.It takes + sb.+ 时间(或钱)to do sth.的主语则必须是形式主语It.动词cost的常用用法是sth.cost (sb.) some money.

    如:The dictionary cost me £ 20.