充分燃烧2.8g某有机物A生成8.8gCO2和3.6gH2O,这种有机物蒸汽的质量是同温同压下同体积N2的两倍,求该有机

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  • 这种有机物蒸汽的质量是同温同压下同体积N2的两倍说明其摩尔质量是N2的2倍,即56g/mol.

    有机物:2.8g ÷ 56g/mol = 0.05mol.

    CO2:8.8g ÷ 44g/mol = 0.2mol,含C:0.2mol.

    H2O:3.6g ÷ 18g/mol = 0.2mol,含H:0.4mol.

    2.8g - 12g/mol×0.2mol - 1g/mol×0.4mol = 0g,有机物不含O.

    0.2÷0.05=4,0.4÷0.05=8,有机物分子式为:C4H8.

    实验式为CxHyN2Ow,根据N的质量分数为8.48%,可知有机物的相对分子质量为14×2÷8.48%=330.

    x = 330 × ( 26.67 × 12/44 ÷ 10 ) ÷ 12 = 20

    y = 330 × ( 8.18 × 2/18 ÷ 10 ) ÷ 1 = 30

    w = ( 330 - 12×20 - 1×30 - 14×2 ) ÷ 16 = 2

    分子式为:C20H30N2O2.