小学时态特征、动词变化规则、句子结构 加速!一点前要

1个回答

  • 一般现在时:主语+be(am is are)/动词+其他

    现在进行时:主语+be(am is are)+动词ing+其他

    一般过去时:主语+动词过去式+其他

    一般将来时:主语+be(am is are)going to/will+be/动词原形+其他

    一,动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律

    动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察.

    1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z].如:

    ①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]

    ②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]

    2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:

    fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]

    study-studies [z]; worry-worries

    3、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:

    teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]

    4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:

    go-goes [z] do-does [z]

    下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆.如:

    1、do [du:]-does [dz]

    2、say [sei]-says [sez]

    以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”

    一起读做[iz].如:

    close-closes [iz]

    二、对比词形变化中原词词尾变化之异同:变“y”为“”现象 双写最后辅音字母现象

    例词:

    ①baby-babies

    ②carry-carries

    ③study-studying

    二,规则动词的过去式变化如下:

    一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:

    worked played wanted acted

    以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped

    以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:

    studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如:stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆.

    go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew