分析句子成分的详细过程:
1）找出全句主谓宾或主系表,即句子的主干;
2）找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词;
3）分析从句和短语的功能,例如,是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等;以及词,短语和从句之间的关系;
4）分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等其他成分.
长句解剖法
一、找长句主干,常需反其道而行之.
* 你能一眼挑出长句的主谓宾/主系表?
* 主语易寻、谓语难找!
* 怎么办?
* 先去枝叶,主干立现!
方法：去枝去叶；水落石出
* 枝：各类从句,标志有;
* 名词和代词后面的That; who; when; where等关系词、连接词.
* 叶：
* 1.各类插入语,标志为两个逗号.
* 2.各类介词短语.
句型一：从句连环套
* 最麻烦的句子--从句套从句怎么办?
* 破解法：使用汉语连环套,顺而解之.
* 基本结构：A,AB,BC,CD
The child A
A who is raised in an environment B
B where there are many stimuli C
C which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses D
will experience greater intellectual development.
建立汉语接龙（连环套）
* A:孩子A
* AB:孩子A生活在环境里B
* BC:环境里B有刺激因素C
* CD:刺激因素C开发他/她做出正确反应的能力D
* 大家发现了什么规律?
* 接龙连接处为先行词和引导词,两者在逻辑含意上指的是同一事物!
这样简化的目的在于减少信息处理的复杂程度,加快解题速度.
下一步就是根据英语句子的意思,调整汉语的句子结构.
本句的解决方案是快速合并相同信息.
至此,我们经历了一个拆分（英语）过程.
句型二：短语众多
* 标志很明显,快刀斩乱麻,剔除所有介词短语,类似同位语的成分.
* 合理预测句子主干的走向.
* 依据是什么?
* 固定搭配的一部分!通常是比较简单的.
* 看到more你首先会想到哪个单词?
* 看到as,rather,as well,
例句：
o For a family of four,for example,
o it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home,
o with almost unlimited entertainment available,
o than to go out
o in search of amusement elsewhere.
o 提示：是关于看电视的文章.
o 该句主干易确定,it is more A than B.
二、主句简单,而短语众多的句子,需耐心层层剥开.
例1：
What refrigeration（冷藏技术）did effectively promote was marketing--marketing hardware and electricity,marketing soft drinks,marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.
What refrigeration（冷藏技术） did effectively promote
was marketing
--marketing hardware and electricity,marketing soft drinks,marketing dead bodies of animals
around the globe
in search of a good price.
例2：
Tracking whales is but one exampleof an exciting new worldjust opening to civilian scientistsafter the cold waras the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening systembuilt over the decadesto track the ships of potential enemies.