派生法(derivation)是英语主要的构词法.这方法是借前缀或后缀之助,制造出派生词(derivative words),主要有名词、形容词和动词三种. 前缀以否定前缀(negative prefixes)un-,in-,im-,il-,ir-,non-,dis-,mis-,mal-等为主,使延伸出来的派生词变成反义词. Ⅰ名词派生词 Balance→imbalance;pleasure→displeasure;management→ mismanagement;efficiency→inefficiency;concern→unconcern ;literacy→illiteracy;resolution→irresolution; interference→noninterference;nutrition→malnutrition. Ⅱ形容词派生词 Accurate→inaccurate;patient→impatient.regular→ irregular;legal→illegal;native→non-native;orderly→ disorderly;common→uncommon. Ⅲ动词派生词 Agree→disagree;judge→misjudge;treat→maltreat; activate→inactivate;use→ill-use;mobilize→immobilize; manage→mismanage;quote→unquote. 除了否定前缀之外,其他常用的前缀还有 anti-,auto-,bi-,co-,counter-,de-,ex-,inter-,mono-,post,pre-,pro-,re-,sub-,super-,trans-,tri-,ultra-等.