n(H2SO4) = 120mL * 4mol/L = 0.48mol
n(NaOH) = 120mL * 8mol/L = 0.96mol
最终得到的硫酸钠的物质的量:n(Na2SO4) = n(H2SO4) = 0.48mol
最终得到的偏铝酸钠的物质的量:n(NaAlO2) = n(NaOH) -2n(Na2SO4) = 0.96mol - 2*0.48mol = 0
说明加入的碱刚好使镁和铝都形成沉淀.
设原合金中含镁xmol,含铝ymol:
24x + 27y = 7.8 ----------------------------------(1)
58x + 78y = 21.4 --------------------------------(2)
得:x = 0.1mol y = 0.2mol
n(H2) = n(Mg) + 3/2n(Al) = 0.1mol + (3/2) * 0.2mol = 0.4mol