have sth.done:可以表示无意识的被动行为或有意识的让别人替自己做事
1.have sth done
“ have + sth (宾语) + 过去分词(宾语补足语)”意为“让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事”.宾语 sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语,说明 sth 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系.例如:
We had the machine mended just now.
我们刚才请人把机器修好了.
He has had his hair cut.他(请人给他)理发了.
The patient is going to have his temperature taken.
这个病人准备请 / 叫 / 让人量体温.
have sb do sth
“ have + sb (宾语) + do sth (宾语补足语)”意为“让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事”.此结构中的 have 是使役动词,sb 作宾语,其后的 do sth 是省去 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语.例如:
The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day.
老板经常要他们一天工作 14 个小时.
I'll have someone repair the bike for you.
我会让人为你修理自行车的.
have sb doing sth 有两种意思:
1.使某人开始做某事
2.劝说或命令某人做某事
have sb do sth 是美式英语,只有 have sb doing sth 的第二种意思.
As his parent,you shouldn’t have your child reading such a book
不应该那么早让孩子开始读如此深奥的书
have sth. to do这一结构中的have意为“有”,即“有某事要做”.
have sth.to do 是要干某事,这件事是由主语来做的,而have sth.to be done是有事要做,这件事本质上不是由主语来做的.
比方说:I have my dinner to cook.这里的饭是我做的,而I have my hair to be cut.头发不是我来剪的,是理发师,但我要剪头发.
have sth.to be done是有些事情等着被做,其中的不定式表此时目前还没有被做.而have sth.done指的是此事已经被做完.二者有一个时间差.
另外要注意的是have sth.done短语中,做这件事情的人一定不是你自己而是别人
I have my hair done this morning.肯定是别人帮你剪的头发.因此如果是自己做的事情不能用此短语.
have anything to be done应该是用在疑问句中.如:Do you have anything to be done?意思是你还有什么事需要(我来)做的么?