f(x)=x^2+4x
f(a+h)=(a+h)^2+4a+4h
f(a)=a^2+4a
f(a+h)-f(a)=a^2+2ah+h^2+4a+4h-a^2-4a
=2ah+h^2+4h
所以:(f(a+h)-f(a))/h=2a+h+4