设P(x,y),要使P点与定点A(0,1)的距离最近,那意思就是P点与A点的连线垂直于过P点的切线呀,那就是这两条线的斜率相乘等于-1.
y'=2x-1
即切线的斜率k=y'=2x-1
k(PA)=(y-1)/(x-0)
k(PA)*k=(y-1)/x*(2x-1)=-1
(y-1)*(2x-1)=-x
(x^2-x-1)*(2x-1)=-x
2x^3-x^2-2x^2+x-2x+1+x=0
2x^3-3x^2+1=0
2x^2(x-1)-(x+1)(x-1)=0
(x-1)(2x^2-x-1)=0
(x-1)(2x+1)(x-1)=0
x1=-1/2,x2=1.
y1=1/4+1/2=3/4
y2=0
即P坐标是P(1,0)或(-1/2,3/4)
经检验,P(-1/2,3/4)是最近的点.