你好,在英文当中不同的字母组合发不同的音,而且变化很多,你需要根据单词的不同,来进行标音标.一下东西,会对你有帮助:
单个的听音标是没有意义的,要多听单词,句子,注意细微的差别.听音和发音一样重要
48个英语音标犹如60个汉语拼音,只要熟练地掌握了它们,对学习英语的作用是相当大的.
第一、能握简驭繁地把众多的英语单词读准.
第二、英语的音和形有很多相似之处,只要平时注意积累发音规则,就可以达到听其音而知其形,见其形而晓其音.这一点比学汉语容易多了.
既然音标如此重要,那么我们怎样才能结合具体情况,把英语音标学好呢?
以下几种方法,但愿能对大家有所帮助.
一、学音标:
(一)先学字母音标
目的:通过唱字母歌已十分熟悉字母的发音了,把这些字母的音标写出来,一方面可以使字母的发音从理性上读得更规范;另一方面,英语音标有感性认识,觉得英语跟汉语一样,也有一套给它们的形注的音.在老师的指导下,你就很想知道,英语的音标有哪些,与汉语拼音相似吗?顺势转入下一步:学国际音标.
(二)学国际音标
目的:系统、熟练地掌握英语音标.这个掌握,就是要达到能读、能默写,为后面学单词时随时用,随时拿得出作准备.
过程:
1、元音
(1)单元音:①///////i//u//e/与汉语单韵母对照
②/a://://://i://u:///
a o e i u ü
说明:先读汉语单韵母,并注意排序,再利用这个排序记英语单元音,易记.
(2)双元音:①/ai//ei//au///(/ju:/)与汉语复韵母对照:ai ei ui ao ou iu
②/i////u?/
③/i/
说明:根据汉语复韵母排序来记双元音第①组,英语中无ui;/au/与ao,
//与ou的写法不同;/ju:/是双元音.
第②组的相同点是都带//,第③组只有一个,直接记就行了.
2、辅音
(1)辅音总数:/b//p//m//f//v//d//t//n////l//g/k//h/
///tF//F//V//dz//ts//s//W/
/z//T//j//w//dr//tr//r/
与汉语拼音对照:
b p m f d t n l g k h jq x zh ch sh r z s y w
说明:1.根据汉语声母排序来记英语辅音音标,汉语声母b、p、m、f、d、t、n、l、g、k、h与英语辅音/b/、/p/、/m/、/f/、
/d/、/t/、/n/、/l/、/g/、/k/、/h/基本一致;汉语声母j、q、x、zh、ch、sh、r、z、c、s、w与英语音标/dz/、/ts/、/s/、/W/、/j/、/w/作比较;/dr/、/tr/、/r/单独记.
2.汉语拼音b、p、m、f的发音比英语音标/b/、/p/、/m/、/f/多一个//音;j、q、x、z、c、s、r比英语音标/dF/、/tF/、/F/、/dz/、/ts/、/s/、/W/、/z/、/T/隔开一个/i/音.
(2)辅音的分类
分类一:
①清浊成对的:
清:/p//t//k//f//F/s//W//tF//ts//tr/
浊:/b//d//g//v//V//z//T//dV//dz//dr/
说明:可用谐音记忆法记住清辅音这一组,即:婆特客,福西施,七尽垂
/p//t//k//f//F//W//tF//ts//tr/
可理解为:婆婆有位特殊的客人,她的名字叫福西施,人不仅美,而且高,有七尺高(“垂”理解为“高”).
②单干户(即不成对的辅音)
/m//n//N//l/
/r//h//j//w/
记成:三个鼻音(/m/、/n/、/N/)、/l/、
/r/和(即/h/)/j/、/w/
分类二:
(1)/p//b//t//d//g//k//f/
/v//F//V//s//z//W//T//r//h/
/tF//dV//ts//dz//tr//dr/
记成:爆破、摩擦、破擦、前3对、中5对(添上/r/、/h/)、后3对
(2)/m//n//N//l//j//w/
记成:三个鼻音,一个边音(l),两个半元音(/j/、/w/)
分类三:
(1)清辅音:/p/、/t/、/k/、/f/、/F/、/s/、/W/、/tF/、/ts/、/tr/,再加上/r/、/h/,合计12个.
(2)浊辅音:/b/、/d/、/g/、/v/、/V/、/z/、/T/、/dV/、/dz/、/dr/再加
上/m/、/n/、/N/、/l/、/j/、/w/合计16个.
作用分类:1、记住清辅音,对名词变复数,动词变第三人称单数,动词的过去式的读音规则有极好的分辨作用.2、了解爆破音,对读英语的失去爆破很有帮助.
三、拼读单词
目的:运用英语音标拼读单词,教学生自己拼读,并要拼得准确.
元音音标表(20个)
5个元音的字母音 a [ei] e [i:] i [ai] o [əu] u [u:]
5个元音的短元音:
a [əe] bag cat hat map
e [e] pen bed ten hen
I [i] big pig sit hill
o [כ] box hot dog frog
u [u] but mum bus mug
12个单元音:
短元音[əe] [e] [i] [כ] [۸] [u] [ə]
长元音 [i:] [כ:] [a:] [u:] [ə:]
8个双元音:[ei] [ai] [əu] [au] [כi] [iə] [eə] [uə]
元音发音规则表:
1.单元音/i:/ see me be she need read meal eat seat deep keep
开音节中的e/i:/ me be she
ee /i:/ see sleep deep feet need
ea /i:/ read eat meal seat
2.单元音 /i/ in it is fit pin bit kiss sick miss fish rich lid
闭音节中的i /i/ if, his, film(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节)
闭音节中的y /i/ sympathy, syllable, system, gym
位于词尾的y /i/ city, pity, willingly, possibility
3.单元音 /e/ get let bed pen best rest wet never better best
闭音节中的e /e/ bed, peg, set, tell
ea /e/ dead, heaven, feather
4.单元音/əe/ hat cat rat cap map fat man thank stamp fact
闭音节中的 a / əe / bad, lad, rat, cab
5.单元音 /a:/ heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass
ar /a:/ arm, ark, lard, dark, car, card, hard, harm
6.单元音 / כ / lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock
闭音节中的o / כ / hot, got, not, lost, on, soft
7./ כ:/ tall fall wall Paul Maud walk call yawn thought
or / כ:/ or, sport, bored, horse, more, before
a(+ll或lk) / כ:/ all, fall, talk, walk
aw / כ:/ law, paw, draw, flaw, claw
8.单元音 /u/ cook book look put good full foot would
u /u/ put, full, pull, push, sugar, cushion
oo /u/ good, took, wood, wool, stood, bedroom
ou /u/ could, would, should
9.单元音 /u:/ too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose new
oo /u:/ fool, booth, room, food
ou /u:/ soup, you, group
o /u:/ do, to, who
10./ ۸/ cup bus gun hut sung duck lung luck cut stuck
闭音节中的u /۸/ but, hunt, sun, duck, luck
闭音节中的o /۸/ son, once, colour, other, money
ou /۸/ rough, enough, touch, cousin, young
11.单元音 /ə:/ shirt hunt burn girl bird nurse work worm curse
er /ə:/ herd, verb, mercy
ir /ə:/ thirty, shirt, third, fir
ur /ə:/ turn, church, burn, nurse, curse
or /ə:/ word, work, world, worse
ear /ə:/ heard, earth, search
12.单元音 /ə/ ago about asleep above again among mother brother
许多元音在非重读章节中读成/ə/,所以/ə/的拼写形式多种多样.如:
about, sofa, doctor, colour, figure
13.双元音 /ei/ May pay way day same hay great gain pain spade
a /ei/ save, face, pale
ay /ei/ day, pay, may
ai /ei/ wait, fail, strait
ea /ei/ break, great
14.双元音 /əu/ no go so hole hope road home slow load foe soul
o /əu/ go, hello, no, open, over, joking, October
oa /əu/ coat, soap, boat, road, coast
ow /əu/ snow, throw, blow, show, know, window
15.双元音 /ai/ bye lie try eye cry die my five time mine like
开音节中的i /ai/ time, crime, rite, fine
igh /ai/ high, might, night, light, bright
y /ai/ cry, my, sky, fly, July, reply
ie /ai/ eye, dye, bye
16.双元音 /au/ how now cow out mouse down house brown found
ou /au/ about, around, found, sound, mouse
ow /au/ down, crowd, town, brown, now, how
17. 双元音 /כi/ boy joy toy voice noise join coin oil soil toil
oi /כi/ oil, boil, join, coin, spoilt, voice, choice, noise
oy /כi/ toy, boy, enjoy, destroy, annoy, loyal, employer
18.双元音 /iə/ ear here fear hear dear pier tear near really idea
ear /iə/ ear, dear, hear, clear, beard
ea /iə/ idea, real, theatre
ere /iə/ here, mere, severe
eer /iə/ beer, queer, engineer
19.双元音 /eə/ care wear hair there fair careful various
are /eə/ care, share, fare, hare,careless
air /eə/ air, fair, chair,repair
20.双元音 /uə/ tour sure poor pure cure tourist
ur /uə/ cure, pure, fury
希望可以帮助你,谢谢.