怎样给单词标音节

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  • 你好,在英文当中不同的字母组合发不同的音,而且变化很多,你需要根据单词的不同,来进行标音标.一下东西,会对你有帮助:

    单个的听音标是没有意义的,要多听单词,句子,注意细微的差别.听音和发音一样重要

    48个英语音标犹如60个汉语拼音,只要熟练地掌握了它们,对学习英语的作用是相当大的.

    第一、能握简驭繁地把众多的英语单词读准.

    第二、英语的音和形有很多相似之处,只要平时注意积累发音规则,就可以达到听其音而知其形,见其形而晓其音.这一点比学汉语容易多了.

    既然音标如此重要,那么我们怎样才能结合具体情况,把英语音标学好呢?

    以下几种方法,但愿能对大家有所帮助.

    一、学音标:

    (一)先学字母音标

    目的:通过唱字母歌已十分熟悉字母的发音了,把这些字母的音标写出来,一方面可以使字母的发音从理性上读得更规范;另一方面,英语音标有感性认识,觉得英语跟汉语一样,也有一套给它们的形注的音.在老师的指导下,你就很想知道,英语的音标有哪些,与汉语拼音相似吗?顺势转入下一步:学国际音标.

    (二)学国际音标

    目的:系统、熟练地掌握英语音标.这个掌握,就是要达到能读、能默写,为后面学单词时随时用,随时拿得出作准备.

    过程:

    1、元音

    (1)单元音:①///////i//u//e/与汉语单韵母对照

    ②/a://://://i://u:///

    a o e i u ü

    说明:先读汉语单韵母,并注意排序,再利用这个排序记英语单元音,易记.

    (2)双元音:①/ai//ei//au///(/ju:/)与汉语复韵母对照:ai ei ui ao ou iu

    ②/i////u?/

    ③/i/

    说明:根据汉语复韵母排序来记双元音第①组,英语中无ui;/au/与ao,

    //与ou的写法不同;/ju:/是双元音.

    第②组的相同点是都带//,第③组只有一个,直接记就行了.

    2、辅音

    (1)辅音总数:/b//p//m//f//v//d//t//n////l//g/k//h/

    ///tF//F//V//dz//ts//s//W/

    /z//T//j//w//dr//tr//r/

    与汉语拼音对照:

    b p m f d t n l g k h jq x zh ch sh r z s y w

    说明:1.根据汉语声母排序来记英语辅音音标,汉语声母b、p、m、f、d、t、n、l、g、k、h与英语辅音/b/、/p/、/m/、/f/、

    /d/、/t/、/n/、/l/、/g/、/k/、/h/基本一致;汉语声母j、q、x、zh、ch、sh、r、z、c、s、w与英语音标/dz/、/ts/、/s/、/W/、/j/、/w/作比较;/dr/、/tr/、/r/单独记.

    2.汉语拼音b、p、m、f的发音比英语音标/b/、/p/、/m/、/f/多一个//音;j、q、x、z、c、s、r比英语音标/dF/、/tF/、/F/、/dz/、/ts/、/s/、/W/、/z/、/T/隔开一个/i/音.

    (2)辅音的分类

    分类一:

    ①清浊成对的:

    清:/p//t//k//f//F/s//W//tF//ts//tr/

    浊:/b//d//g//v//V//z//T//dV//dz//dr/

    说明:可用谐音记忆法记住清辅音这一组,即:婆特客,福西施,七尽垂

    /p//t//k//f//F//W//tF//ts//tr/

    可理解为:婆婆有位特殊的客人,她的名字叫福西施,人不仅美,而且高,有七尺高(“垂”理解为“高”).

    ②单干户(即不成对的辅音)

    /m//n//N//l/

    /r//h//j//w/

    记成:三个鼻音(/m/、/n/、/N/)、/l/、

    /r/和(即/h/)/j/、/w/

    分类二:

    (1)/p//b//t//d//g//k//f/

    /v//F//V//s//z//W//T//r//h/

    /tF//dV//ts//dz//tr//dr/

    记成:爆破、摩擦、破擦、前3对、中5对(添上/r/、/h/)、后3对

    (2)/m//n//N//l//j//w/

    记成:三个鼻音,一个边音(l),两个半元音(/j/、/w/)

    分类三:

    (1)清辅音:/p/、/t/、/k/、/f/、/F/、/s/、/W/、/tF/、/ts/、/tr/,再加上/r/、/h/,合计12个.

    (2)浊辅音:/b/、/d/、/g/、/v/、/V/、/z/、/T/、/dV/、/dz/、/dr/再加

    上/m/、/n/、/N/、/l/、/j/、/w/合计16个.

    作用分类:1、记住清辅音,对名词变复数,动词变第三人称单数,动词的过去式的读音规则有极好的分辨作用.2、了解爆破音,对读英语的失去爆破很有帮助.

    三、拼读单词

    目的:运用英语音标拼读单词,教学生自己拼读,并要拼得准确.

    元音音标表(20个)

    5个元音的字母音 a [ei] e [i:] i [ai] o [əu] u [u:]

    5个元音的短元音:

    a [əe] bag cat hat map

    e [e] pen bed ten hen

    I [i] big pig sit hill

    o [כ] box hot dog frog

    u [u] but mum bus mug

    12个单元音:

    短元音[əe] [e] [i] [כ] [۸] [u] [ə]

    长元音 [i:] [כ:] [a:] [u:] [ə:]

    8个双元音:[ei] [ai] [əu] [au] [כi] [iə] [eə] [uə]

    元音发音规则表:

    1.单元音/i:/ see me be she need read meal eat seat deep keep

    开音节中的e/i:/ me be she

    ee /i:/ see sleep deep feet need

    ea /i:/ read eat meal seat

    2.单元音 /i/ in it is fit pin bit kiss sick miss fish rich lid

    闭音节中的i /i/ if, his, film(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节)

    闭音节中的y /i/ sympathy, syllable, system, gym

    位于词尾的y /i/ city, pity, willingly, possibility

    3.单元音 /e/ get let bed pen best rest wet never better best

    闭音节中的e /e/ bed, peg, set, tell

    ea /e/ dead, heaven, feather

    4.单元音/əe/ hat cat rat cap map fat man thank stamp fact

    闭音节中的 a / əe / bad, lad, rat, cab

    5.单元音 /a:/ heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass

    ar /a:/ arm, ark, lard, dark, car, card, hard, harm

    6.单元音 / כ / lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock

    闭音节中的o / כ / hot, got, not, lost, on, soft

    7./ כ:/ tall fall wall Paul Maud walk call yawn thought

    or / כ:/ or, sport, bored, horse, more, before

    a(+ll或lk) / כ:/ all, fall, talk, walk

    aw / כ:/ law, paw, draw, flaw, claw

    8.单元音 /u/ cook book look put good full foot would

    u /u/ put, full, pull, push, sugar, cushion

    oo /u/ good, took, wood, wool, stood, bedroom

    ou /u/ could, would, should

    9.单元音 /u:/ too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose new

    oo /u:/ fool, booth, room, food

    ou /u:/ soup, you, group

    o /u:/ do, to, who

    10./ ۸/ cup bus gun hut sung duck lung luck cut stuck

    闭音节中的u /۸/ but, hunt, sun, duck, luck

    闭音节中的o /۸/ son, once, colour, other, money

    ou /۸/ rough, enough, touch, cousin, young

    11.单元音 /ə:/ shirt hunt burn girl bird nurse work worm curse

    er /ə:/ herd, verb, mercy

    ir /ə:/ thirty, shirt, third, fir

    ur /ə:/ turn, church, burn, nurse, curse

    or /ə:/ word, work, world, worse

    ear /ə:/ heard, earth, search

    12.单元音 /ə/ ago about asleep above again among mother brother

    许多元音在非重读章节中读成/ə/,所以/ə/的拼写形式多种多样.如:

    about, sofa, doctor, colour, figure

    13.双元音 /ei/ May pay way day same hay great gain pain spade

    a /ei/ save, face, pale

    ay /ei/ day, pay, may

    ai /ei/ wait, fail, strait

    ea /ei/ break, great

    14.双元音 /əu/ no go so hole hope road home slow load foe soul

    o /əu/ go, hello, no, open, over, joking, October

    oa /əu/ coat, soap, boat, road, coast

    ow /əu/ snow, throw, blow, show, know, window

    15.双元音 /ai/ bye lie try eye cry die my five time mine like

    开音节中的i /ai/ time, crime, rite, fine

    igh /ai/ high, might, night, light, bright

    y /ai/ cry, my, sky, fly, July, reply

    ie /ai/ eye, dye, bye

    16.双元音 /au/ how now cow out mouse down house brown found

    ou /au/ about, around, found, sound, mouse

    ow /au/ down, crowd, town, brown, now, how

    17. 双元音 /כi/ boy joy toy voice noise join coin oil soil toil

    oi /כi/ oil, boil, join, coin, spoilt, voice, choice, noise

    oy /כi/ toy, boy, enjoy, destroy, annoy, loyal, employer

    18.双元音 /iə/ ear here fear hear dear pier tear near really idea

    ear /iə/ ear, dear, hear, clear, beard

    ea /iə/ idea, real, theatre

    ere /iə/ here, mere, severe

    eer /iə/ beer, queer, engineer

    19.双元音 /eə/ care wear hair there fair careful various

    are /eə/ care, share, fare, hare,careless

    air /eə/ air, fair, chair,repair

    20.双元音 /uə/ tour sure poor pure cure tourist

    ur /uə/ cure, pure, fury

    希望可以帮助你,谢谢.