|a|=2,|b|=1,a*b=0
x⊥y => x*y=0 => -4k+t(t^2-3)=0
k=t(t^2-3)/4
=> (k+t^2)/t=(t^2+4t-3)/4 >= -7/4
当 t=-2,k=-1/2 时 取得最小值-7/4