1.put在这里意思是“表达,叙述,说明 ”
The councillors put the problem of downtown parking before the mayor.
议员们向市长提出了市内停车的问题.
You have put the case clearly.
你把情况讲清楚了.
2.no such thing=not such a thing
such常放在no,one,all ,many,any,few,some等之后.
3.表示“某段时期发生（某种情况）”的意思 这是一种拟人的修辞手法,主语通常是地点和时间.
The year 2002 saw remarkable changes in Shanghai's landscape.
4.答案是A.be devoted to sth.=devote oneself/one's energy/time to sth.
在这里作定语修饰professor,谓语动词是后面的cared.如果加上was也要在cared 前面加and 连接并列谓语.
5.turned out 证明是,结果是,无被动.we had stuck to 做定语从句修饰idea
加油!