1.设取Xml的硫酸
(1)84g/mL*xmL+5xmL*1g/ml=500mL*1.2g/mL
解得X=87.72ml
(2)m(H2SO4)=87.72mL*1.84g/mL*98%=158.2g
n(H2SO4)=158g/98g/mol=1.61mol
所以C(H2SO4)=1.61mol/0.5L=3.22mol/L
(3)含水质量=溶液总质量-溶质质量=500mL*1.2g/mL-158.2g=441.8g
(4)配制时应取水600g-1.84g/mL*87.72ml= 438.6g
水的体积就是438.6g/1g/mL =438.6mL
2.氯化氢体积是358.4L
物质的量是 358.4 /22.4 = 16mol
溶液的质量是水的质量与氯化氢的质量和,是(1000+ 16*36.5) = 1584g
溶液的体积是 1584/1.19 = 1.33L
物质的量浓度是 16/ 1.33 = 12.02mol/l
质量分数 = 氯化氢质量/溶液质量 = 16*36.5 /1584 = 36.87%