40.C 妈妈今天早上问我,应为过去时态,A,B 排除,因为时态不对.C对,问出什么事了,应用what is the matter,今早妈妈问的,应为过去时态,is改成was,.what was the matter.由于what was the matter 是asked 的宾语从句,而在所有从句中都要用陈述句的语序,故应将was放在主语matter 之后,宾语从句就是what the matter was.D不对,因为在what is wrong中wrong是形容词,不可能将作表语的形容词wrong放在系动词之前.
41.A.under which对,因为a big ship can go 是bridge的定语从句,先行词是bridge指物,关系代词当然选which,可是船在桥下过,因此就要用介词under,本来这个句子是The bridge which a big ship can go under(which) has been built.,现在将介词under提到关系代词which前了.B不对,因为只有under which没有under that.C不对 因为which指桥(bridge),船不能在桥中过,in which是介词错了.同理D也不对,不能用介词on,船不能在桥上过.
42.我个人的意见是B和C都对,因为he had visited 是school的定语从句,school 是先行词,指"物",当先行词指物同时关系代词在后面的定语从句中作宾语时,可以用that 和which 作为关系代词.这时的that=which.A显然不对,因为先行词不是指人,当然不能用who D也不对,应将about去掉,理由是visit是及物动词,可以说visit school,根本用不着介词,不可能说visit about the school.