1.直接引语 直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语,直接引语通常置于引号内（“引用原话”）.
—“What is it all about?”
—“究竟是什么事呢?”
—“Nothing serious,just a storm in a teacup.”
—“没有什么,大惊小怪而已.”
2.间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的意思,或引用自己说过的话,
都叫做间接引语.间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达.
Mary said that she received a sugar report this morning.
玛莉说她今天早上收到了一封情书.
He said that his hands were quite full at that moment.
他说那时他忙得不可开交.
3.直接引语和间接引语的转换
1) 转述陈述句或感叹句去标点符号和引号,用say that接宾语从句,said后,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化.
She said,“I am going to the market.”
She said (that) she was going to the market.
“What an interesting novel!”she said.
She said that it was such an interesting novel.
2) 转述一般或反意疑问句去标点符号和引号.用if/whether接宾语从句,改用陈述句语序.从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化.
He asked,“You are a native,aren't you?”
He asked (me) it/whether I was a native.
3) 转述选择疑问句,去标点符号和引号,接whether...or引导的宾语从句,改用陈述句语序,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化.
He said,“Is this car Mr.Green's or Mr.Brown's?”
He asked (me) whether that car was Mr.Green's or Mr.Brown's.
4) 转述特殊疑问句,去标点符号和引号,由原疑问词引导宾语从句,改用陈述句语序,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化.
She said,“Where are you going?”
She asked (me) where I was going.
5) 转述祈使句或疑问形式的祈使句,通常改为“ask (want,beg,tell,order）＋宾语＋动词不定式”的简单句.表示建议,可用“offer＋to do”,“suggest＋doing”或“suggest that-clause”表达.
He said,“Please turn on the light.”
He asked me to turn on the light.
She said,“Don't make any noise,Tom.” She told Tom not to make any noise.
She said,“Would you mind passing me the book?”
She wanted me to pass her the book.
She said,“Why not have a trip?”
She suggested me having a trip.
6) 转述肯定、否定并列的两个祈使句时,一般要用“not...but”并列连词
The teacher said,“Don't look out of the window,look at your textbooks.”
The teacher told his students not to look out of the window but look at their textbooks