初一英语重点要点
1. 人称代词
主格： I we you she he it they
宾格： me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音节词前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母,再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y变i,再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不规则变化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
3.可数词的复数形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
5. 缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is
it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not etc
6. a/an
a book, a peach
an egg an hour
7. Preposition:
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.
表示时间： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday on 15th July On National Day
in the evening in December in winter
8. 基数词和序数词
one – first two-second twenty-twentieth
9. Some /any
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
10. be 动词
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
（3）一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
11. there be 结构
肯定句： There is a …
There are …
一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句： There isn’t …. There aren’t….
12. 祈使句
Sit down please
Don’t sit down, please.
13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”.
形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
动词 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
14 一般现在时.通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”.
形式：
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
15 选择疑问句：选择疑问句是用or连接询问的两部分,以供选择,答案必须是完整的句子或其省略形式,不能用Yes或No回答
一般提出两种或两种以上的可能,问对方选择哪一种.其结构可用一般疑问句,也可用特殊疑问句.供选择的两部分用or连接,前者读升调,后者读降调.
e.g. Will you go there by bus or by train?
What would you like, coffee or tea?
How many pens do you have, one or two?
选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式,不能答yes或no.
e.g. Do you go to school by bus or by bike?
By bus.
Which would you like, tea or coffee? Coffee.
一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句
e.g. Is it right or wrong?
Were you or he there?
Are they reading, chatting or watching TV?
特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句
e.g. Which do you like better, coffee or milk?
What color is it, red, blue or yellow?
Where are you going, to the classroom or to the library?
or not构成的选择疑问句
e.g. Do you want to buy it or not?
Are you ready or not
16.现在进行时（present continuous）是一个动词时态.
正确的结构是“to be + 动词的现在分词 (也就是俗称ing形式)”.
用于表达现在正在进行的动作.
例：I am doing my homework - 我正在写作业.
另外,“to be + going + 动词不定式”这个特殊的结构可表示在未来即将要进行的动作.
例：He is going to tell me tomorrow - 他将在明天告诉我.
一、 How do you like ... ?
[句型介绍] 用来询问对某人 / 物喜欢到什么程度,意为"你觉得.怎么样",常以I like ... a lot / a great deal / very much. 回答.
-How do you like your hometown? 你觉得你家乡怎么样?
-I like it very much. 我很喜欢.
[句式比较] What do you think of ... ?= How do you think about ... ?= How do you find / enjoy ... ?不知道对方是否喜欢某人 / 物而加以询问,回答时应对此人 / 物作出评价.
-What do you think of / How do you think about the book? 你认为这本书怎么样?
-Very interesting. 很有趣.
-How do you find / enjoy this programme? 你认为这个节目怎么样?
-Dull. 枯燥.
[特别提醒] 注意这些句式的不同含义.
二、 What do you have for ... ?
[句型介绍] 用来询问某人一日三餐吃什么, for后面应接一日三餐名词.
-What do you have for lunch? 你中午吃什么?
-I usually have rice. 我通常吃米饭.
[句式比较] What do you eat for ... ?与What do you have for ... ?用法相同.
-What do you eat for your supper? 晚饭你吃什么?
-Noodles. 面条.
[特别提醒] 因句中have为实义动词,所以该句型不能改为What have you for ...?
三、What do you do ... ?
[句型介绍] 该句询问对方职业,意为"你是干什么的?",人称可随语境而变化,第一个do为助动词,单复数随主语的变化而变化,第二个do为实义动词.
-What do you do? 你是干什么的?
-I'm a worker. 我是一个工人.
[句式比较] What are you? 你是干什么的?what表职业, be动词单复数随主语的变化而变化.
What is he? 他是干什么的?
-He is a student. 他是一个学生.
[特别提醒] 注意what的不同含义.
四、 How do you go to ... ?
[句型介绍] 该句为询问对方交通方式的用语,常用by, in, on接交通工具的名词作回答.
-How do you go to school? 你怎么去上学?
-By bus. 乘公共汽车.
[句式比较] How do you come to ... ?的用法与How do you go to ...?句型相似.
-How do you come to our school? 你怎么来到我们学校的?
-In a taxi. 打的来的.
[特别提醒] 回答这两个句型时, by后面应接交通工具名词原形,而in, on后面根据需要可用不定冠词或数词修饰交通工具名词.
五、 What's your favourite ... ?
[句型介绍] 该句用来询问对方最喜欢什么,相当于What ... do you like best?
-What's your favourite subject? 你最喜欢什么学科?
-English. 英语.
-What colour do you like best? 你最喜欢什么颜色?
-Red. 红色.
[句式比较] Which ... do you like best? 你最喜欢哪一个.?
-Which book do you like best? 你最喜欢哪一本书?
-This one. 这一本.
[特别提醒]关注这些句型含义和结构的微小区别.
六、 What's wrong with ... ?
[句型介绍] 该句询问某人或某物有何毛病,意为".怎么啦?" wrong为形容词,前面不加定冠词.
What's wrong with you? You don't look well. 你怎么啦?脸色看起来不好.
[句式比较] What's the matter / trouble with ... ?含义和用法与What's wrong with ... ?相同, matter和trouble为名词,前面应加定冠词.
-What's the trouble / matter with your bike? 你的自行车怎么啦?
-It can't run fast. 它走不快.
[特别提醒] 注意这些句型中连系动词后面有无冠词.