这位同学你好!这个句子的确挺难,我也是睡不着觉,看了好久,才看出眉目,具体如下:
大体结构:主+谓+宾
详细结构:
Dependence(主语)
is marked first by(be marked by是被动语态,作谓语.first副词作状语修饰mark)
an increased tolerance(名词作宾语.increased分词作定语修饰tolerance)
with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect(此处是with+n.结构作状语,表示“随着 / 即”.主干是with the substance,required分词作后置定语,to produce the desired effect目的状语修饰required)
and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms(and是连词,并列连接两个宾语.then是副词作状语,和之前的first对应.by是be marked by结构的那个介词,因为是两个宾语.the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms名词短语作宾语)
when the substance is discontinued(when引导条件状语从句,表示“当…的时候”,修饰前面的谓语be marked by)
整个句子翻译下来是:依赖性的第一个特点是越来越多的容忍,即越来越多的这种想要达到期望的效果所必须的东西;而当这种东西不复存在之时,将显示出不理想的退步的征状——这是依赖性的第二个特点.
衷心希望帮到你!