持续性动词和瞬间性动词请详细举出较多的瞬间动词转化为持续性动词的例子.越多越好~

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  • 行为动词有"持续性"动词和"瞬间性"动词2006年10月29日 星期日 03:36 P.M.英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分,使用中应注意两者的区别.

    一、持续性动词:表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间.

    常见的study,play,do,read,learn,drive,write,clean,slean,sleep,speak,talk,wait,fly,stay,sit,stand,lie,keep等.

    二、瞬间性动词:表示一个动作发生在一瞬间,非常短暂.亦称终止性动词.

    常见的--begin,start,finish,go,come,leave,find,get up,arrive,reach,get to,enter,hear,stop,open,close,become,buy,borrow,lend,happen,join,lose,renew,die,take away,put up,set out,put on,get on/off等

    以上两类动词都能用于现在完成时,表示动作到现在为止已结束,

    2、持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用,而瞬间性动词则不能.

    His parents talked with the teacher for half an hour.(他的父母跟老师谈了半个小时.)

    My mother has lain in bde for 3 days.(我母亲生病卧床已经三天了.)

    3、瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用,通常有两种方法:

    (1)用意思相当的持续性动词来替换

    He has been in the army/a soldier for three years.(他参军已有3年了.)不用has joined

    She has been up for quite some time.(她起床已有好久了.)不用has got up

    Has your brother been away from home for a long time?(离家已有好久了吗?)不用has left

    常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系:

    1、go—be away 2、come—be here 3、come back—be back

    4、leave—be away(be not here)

    5、buy—have 6、borrow—keep 7、die——be dead 8、begin——be on

    9、finish—be over 10、open——be open 11、close——be closed 12、lose——be lost

    13、get to know—know 14、turn on—be on 15、get up——be up

    16、sit down—sit/beseated 17、join—be in(…)或be a…member 18、become—be

    (2)用it is…since…结构来替换瞬间动词

    例如:电影已经开映5分钟了.(两种方法)

    (1)The film has been on for five minutes.

    (2)It’s five minutes since the film began.

    他离开上海已有3天了.(两种方法)

    (1)He has been away from Shanghai for three days.

    (2)It is three days since he left Shanghai.

    这本书我还给图书馆已有两周了.(一种方法)

    It’s two weeks since I returned the book to the library.

    他找到他妹妹已有多久了?(一种方法)

    How long is it since be found his sister?

    4、瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用

    例如:I haven’t seen you for a long time.(好久没见到你了.)