a^2-5a+1=0
等式两边除以a得
a-5+1/a=0
a+1/a=5
(a+1/a)^2=a^2+1/a^2+2=25
a^2+1/a^2=23
(a-1/a)^2=a^2+1/a^2-2=21
a-1/a=正负根号21