Question

能够水解的离子有哪些?高中阶段的,

Answer 1

弱酸阴离子:亚硫酸根离子,亚硫酸氢根离子,碳酸根离子,碳酸氢根离子,磷酸根离子,磷酸一氢根离子,亚硝酸根离子,氟离子,次氯酸根离子

弱酸阴离子 及其水解方程式

CH3COO- + H2O --- CH3COOH + OH-

AlO2- + H2O --- Al(OH)3 + OH-

HCO3- + H2O --- H2CO3 + OH-

CO32- + H2O --- HCO3- + OH-

PO4 3- + H2O --- HPO4 2- + OH-

HPO4 3- +H2O --- H2PO4- + OH-

S2- + H2O --- HS- + OH-

HS- + H2O --- H2S + OH-

SO3 2- + H2O --- HSO3- + OH-

HSO3- + H2O --- H2SO3 + OH-

F- + H2O --- HF + OH-

弱碱阳离子 及其水解方程式

Al3+ + 3H2O --- Al(OH)3 + 3H+

Mg2+ + 2H2O --- Mg(OH)2 + 2H+

NH4+ + H2O --- NH3H2O + H+

Ag+ + H2O --- AgOH + H+

Fe2+ + H2O --- Fe(OH)2 + 2H+

Fe3+ + H2O --- Fe(OH)3 + 3H+