看了你的全部文字,按照你问题顺序回答:
1) The tsunami (in which over 16000 people were killed) was a terrible disaster for
human beings.
我不同意你老师回答.回答此问题,牵涉到 be+分词 如何来判断其是谓语动词还是表语.一般我们对此有一个明确的定义,即:分词在 be 后面,表动作的为谓语动词;表状态的为表语.这里 “in the tsunami, over 16000 people were killed.” 受到 “in which (in tsunami)” 地点状语的影响,应当考虑这句为 be+v-ed 是动作性的.因为,一个地点状语的出现,必然会引出时间感念,由此判断这句是 “主语 + 谓语动词 + 状语” 结构形式,也即动作有了发生的地点了;
2) We live in a time when, more than over before in history, (people are moving).
由上面的回答(受到时间状语影响,即,动作有了发生的时间),我们即可知道这是一句 “主语 + 谓语” 结构形式.
这一点,我们可以参阅张道真老先生的《实用英语语法》有关分词的论述章节.
简单例句:
1)The glass was broken this morning. (动作,谓语动词) ,也有:The glass was broken by a cat. (有了行为者,谓语动词);
2) The glass is broken. (表语,表示目前的状态),也有:Luxun is buried here. (鲁迅先生安葬在此.状态,表语).