过去时和完成时的区别:
过去进行时和一般过去时的区别:
都用以表示过去发生的动作.一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或一段时正在进行的动作.例如:
I was drawing a house yesterday evening.昨晚我在画房子.(可能没画完)
I drew a house yesterday evening.昨晚我画了一座房子.(已经画完了)
We were building a bridge last winter.去年冬天我们建桥了.(可能没建好)
We built a bridge last winter.去年冬天我们建了一座桥.(已经建好了)
Tom was reading a story-book last week.上个星期汤姆在读一本小说.(还没读完)
Tom read a story-book last week.上个星期汤姆读了一本小说.(读完了)
Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.
玛丽昨晚给她的朋友写了封信.(信写完了)
Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.
玛丽昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信.(信不一定写完)
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响、结果或表示过去的动作或状态一直持续到现在,而一般过去时则强调过去发生的动作,不对现在造成影响.例如:
① --- Have you milked the cow?--- 你挤过牛奶了没有?
--- Yes,I have.--- 是的,我挤过了.
--- When did you milk it?--- 你什么时候挤的?
--- I milked it an hour ago.--- 我半个小时之前挤的.
② --- He has gone to London,hasn’t he?
--- 他到伦敦去了,是吗?(现在的结果:人不在这里.)
--- Yes,he has.--- 是的.
--- How did he go there?--- 他是怎样去的?(指过去.)
--- He went there by plane.--- 他是坐飞机去的.(指过去.)
由以上例句看出:当表示“某人已经做过某事”或“询问某人是否做过某事”时,常用现在完成时;当“询问某人何时何地做的某事”时,则用一般过去时.再例如:
--- Have you seen the film?--- 你看过这部电影吗?
--- Yes,I have.--- 是的.
--- When did you see it?--- 什么时候看的?
--- I saw it yesterday.--- 昨天.
(1) 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与already,just,yet,ever,never等连用.例如:
Have you finished your work yet?你完成你的工作了吗?
Yes,I have.I have just finished it.是的,我刚完成.
I have already finished it.我已经完成了.
No,I haven''t finished it yet.不,我还没有完成.
Have you ever been to a chicken farm?你去过养鸡场吗?
Yes,I have.是的.
No,I have never been to a chicken farm.不,我从来没有去过养鸡场.
(2) 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括”现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用.例如:for,since,now,today,this month,this year等.例如:
I have known Li Lei for three years.我认识李雷已经三年了.
I have lived here since 1980.从1980年开始我就住在这里.
I have been at this school for over fourteen years.我在这个学校已经超过14年了.
① for和表示一段时间的词组连用.例如:for two minutes,for five hours,for ten days,for three weeks,for fourteen months,for twenty years.
② since和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用.例如:since eight o''clock this morning,since last Sunday,since five weeks ago,since October等等.We have planted many trees this year.My mother has made many cakes today.但如果说话人所感兴趣的只是在这段时间内发生了某一动作,而不是这一动作与现在的关系时,须用过去时态.例如:
Our school built a new building this year.
(3) have(has)been和have(has)gone的区别:表示“曾到过某地”,要用have (has) been,不能用have (has) gone.例如:
Where has he been?他刚才到哪儿去了?(他已回来了.)
Where has he gone?他到哪儿去了?(他现在不在这里.)
She has been to Shanghai.她到上海去了.
(她可能在去上海的路上或已到上海,总之现在不在这里.)
我认为最好的区别方法就是例句了 好好看吧 加油