1.及物动词:就是不完全意义动词,也就是说,当你用及物动词时,后面必须带有宾语这个动词的意义才完整.如果是及物动词后没有宾语,那就得用被动语态了.
比如说:
like,love,say,tell,ask,当你用这些词时,后面就得加宾语,否则,意义就不完整了.
I like(你会问,like什么)所以,得加you,him,the book,China等宾语,或者,I like going to school.
2.表语:就是用于连系动词后,表示主语的状态的成分.
He is a teacher.(这是名词当表语)
He is happy.(这是形容词当表语)
He looks happy.(同上)
My idea is that he should start tomorrow morning.(这是从句当表语,解释主语内容)
3.定语,就是修饰名词的成分.一个词当定语,就放在名词前.如:a happy man
两个以上的词当定语(含从句),就放在所修饰的名词后,如:
The boy sleeping in the room is my son.
4.状语:就是修饰形容词、副词或动词的成分,也可以修饰整个句子.
( very) happy
I like it ( very much.)
He looked (happily) at me.
(When he comes,) I will go to meet him.
表语,定语,状语都有从句.