and：和；而且；又；然后
表示联合,意为“和”、“又”、“而且”：
We were cold and hungry. 我们饥寒交迫.连接两个形容词.
I woke up and got out of bed. 我醒了就起床了.连接两个动作.
He played the piano and she sang. 他弹钢琴,她唱歌.连接两个句子
有时用于连接两个相同的词语,表示事物连续性：
The train ran faster and faster. 火车开得越来越快.
We waited for hours and hours. 我们一直等了好几个小时.
but：但是
but用法连词,表示让步关系,意思是“除非,要不是”,常与that一起构成but that, 相当于"if...not". 例如：I would have failed but that your helped me.要不是你们帮助我,我就会失败.
but用作连词,放在否定词或疑问词之后,作从属关系,表示否定意义,可相不于that not. 例如： Never a month passed but she writes to her parents. 她没有一个有不给她双亲写信.
but用于否定词加doubt,question,deny等到之后,没有实在意义,只相当于关系连词that. 例如： There's no doubt but he is a thief.毫无疑问,他是一个贼.
but用作介词,表示“除了”意义,相当于besides,except.例如：No one knows him but she. 除了她,没有人认识她.
but用作副词,相当于only, 常译为“只不过,仅仅”.例如：He finished his homework but ten minutes ago.他十分钟前刚完成作业.
buy用作代词,表示从属关系,在否定句中常相当于who/that not.例如：There is no one but likes to help him. 没有人不认识他.
我们常用的but当然首数“但是”另外“除了”这个意思也常用.
so：所以
1.so可以用作连词,表示“因此,所以”.
例：I heard some noise outside, so I went out of the room to see why.
so that作为连词词组,表示 “以便,为了”.
例：The vase is put high on the table, so that it won’t be broken.
2.so可以用作形容词,表示“是这样的,是真的”.
例：The newspapers claim she killed him in self defence but that just isn’t so.
3.so可以用作副词,表示——
1)“如此,这么”结构为：so+adj./adv
例：She was so tired that she fell asleep very fast.
表示此意思时,还可以用：so+adj.+a/an+n.
例：It is so good a movie that everyone who saw it praises it very much.
2)“如此,如是”,用于表示已经提到的想法,建议或情况等
例：“Will I need my umbrella?”
“I think so.”
3)“也是,也一样”结构为so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语
例：Tony takes exercise every day and so does his younger brother.
注意否定句应把so改为neither/nor,结构为neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语
例：Jenny has never been late for class.Neither/Nor her younger brother.
4)“确实是这样”,表示对前面陈述事实的强调,结构为so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词
例：Tony works very hard at all the subjects.So he does.
or：或；否则
Hurry up, or youll be late.快点,否则就要迟到了.这里or表示“否则,不然的话”
You may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it.你可以自己做,也可以要别人做.这里or就是表选择.”或者“的意思.连接两个成分（名词,短语或句子.）
He hardly ever goes to the cinema or the theatre.他几乎从来不去电影院或剧院.这里的or肯定也表示选择了.
不是很明白你的意思,你可以举个例子说你那里不明白.