用二重积分算体积v是球体x^2+y^2+z^2

1个回答

  • 先计算两球的交线,易得:交线为z=r/2,平面z=r/2将这个公共部分分为两部分,这两部分是对称的,因此我们只求上半部分,然后2倍即可.

    将z=r/2代入球面方程得:x²+y²=3r²/4

    因此本题转化为计算球面x²+y²+z²=r²被圆柱面x²+y²=3r²/4截出的球冠体积,然后2倍.

    球面x²+y²+z²=r²方程化为:z=√(r²-x²-y²)

    A1=∫∫√(r²-x²-y²)dxdy 积分区域为:x²+y²≤3r²/4

    用极坐标

    =∫∫ρ√(r²-ρ²)dρdθ

    =∫[0---->2π]dθ∫[0---->√3r/2] ρ√(r²-ρ²)dρ

    =2π∫[0---->√3r/2] ρ√(r²-ρ²)dρ

    =π∫[0---->√3r/2] √(r²-ρ²)d(ρ²)

    =-(2/3)π(r²-ρ²)^(3/2) |[0---->√3r/2]

    =(2/3)π[r³-(r²-3r²/4)^(3/2)]

    =(2/3)π*(7/8)r³

    =(7/12)πr³

    A=2A1=(7/6)πr³