over
这是over的一种特殊用法,其意相当"一面…,一面…",全句之意为:他们一边喝着咖啡,一边愉快地交谈.
如:We discussed the matter over tea and cakes."我们一边讨论问题,一边用茶和点心".
再如: We waited over a cup of coffee.
The leaders met over informal lunches.
Over的常见用法:
1)prep.
A)在…上方; 在…上面 (反义词为under)
There is a bridge over the river.
河上有座桥.
He put his hands over his face.
他双手捂住了脸.
B)(表示数目; 程度) 在…以上; 超过
He has been here for over two years.
他在这儿两年多了.
C)遍及…的各个部分
People all over the world like to play football.
全世界的人都喜欢踢足球.
2)adv.
A)从一边到另一边; 越过(街道一段距离)
I will come over and see you after work.
下班后我来看你.
B)结束; 完了
Class is over.
下课啦.
C)在那边; 在另一边
The post office is over there.
邮局在那一边.
do
欲表达“产生速度“、“制作“等含意时,不须使用深奥的字汇,只要利用一个do就可适切地表达真正的意思.因此若能习惯使用do的说法,就可在日常会话中得心应手.
do 做
A: What you doing here?
B: What?
A: What are you doing in Berkeley!
A: 你到这里做什么呢?
B: 你说什么.
A: 你到底来柏克莱做什么!
这里所介绍的do,是用途最广的“做~“之意,上述对话中的“What are you doing here?"为“你在这里做什么?“之意.如果想询问对方的来意时,就应将重音放在What,而呈现逐渐下降的语调.但若将重音放在do上就会变成“你到底在这里做什么呢?“,含有责备对方的语气.
虽然一亲说"What are you doing here?",却常因说话者发音时的抑扬顿挫,而给予对方完全不同的感受,这一点特别值得注意.
do 处理
A: Waiter, this steak is rare.
B: Oh, I'm sorry , How did you want it?
A: Well-done.
B: I'll get you another one.
A: 服务生,这客牛排是半熟的.
B: 喔,对不起.请问你要几分熟的呢?
A: 我要全熟的.
B: 我马上替你换一客.
do除了“做~“的常用意义处,也有“处理“的含意.例如在牛排的烧制时就一定会用到,对话中well-done中的done,在此就含有“处理“的意思.
在美国吃牛排的习惯十分盛行,而在牛排馆中服务生必会说:How would you like steak?"(请问你的牛排要几分熟呢?),这时你就可以回答说rare(半熟);medium
(普通的中等熟)或well-done(全熟)三种表示法.
do 制作
A: What's up?
B: I'm doing my report on consumer movements.
A: 你在做什么呢?
B: 我正在写消费者运动的报告.
do也可表示“制作“之意,通常用于表示运用想像力或技巧制造出来的事物,然后再视do之后的名词而变成各种不同的含义.例如:We did a concert.(我们举行一场演唱会),Do
five copies of this.(这个影印五份.),I'll do the salsd.(我要做一些沙拉)等等.
对话中的What's up?是在How are you?之后常用的惯用语.注意,这些会话适用于平辈朋友之间的寒暄,绝不可对长辈使用.
do 能产生速度
A: What make of car if this?
B: It's a FLAT.
A: How many miles an hour can a FLAT do?
B: More than 120 miles per hour,I think.
A: 这部车是什么牌子呢?
B: 这是菲亚特汽车.
A: 菲亚特的时速是多少呢?
B: 我想每小时大概能跑120多哩.
do是用于(以~速度;在~距离)“前时“或“去“之时,例如:My car does 100 miles an hour.(我的车子每小时能跑100哩),He
did the distance in three hours.(他用三个小时的时间,跑了那段距离).
What make of~ ?中的make为“形态;形式;种类“等意义.
英语中的make完全不含有“一流制造厂商“的意味,美国人称大规模的制造业者为manfcturer.
do without~ 不用~也可以做
A: Do you need my advice?
B: No, thank you. I can do without your advice.
A: 你需要我的忠告吗?
B: 不,谢谢.没有你的建议我自己也能做.
do without~之意为“不用~也可以做“,通常都与can连用.例如:If there's no wine,we can do without
it,(如果没有葡萄酒,也没关系),We can't do without a car in America.(在美国没有车子,就无法做任何事).
do without~的相反词为do with~"根据~而做“.例如:I can do with two meals a day.“我可以一日两餐地过生活“.
will do 好的
A: I'd like to take you out for dinner.When is it convenient for you?
B: Any weeked will do.
A: How about Saturday evening,then?
B: Sounds great.
A: 我想邀请你共进晚餐,不知何时比较适合呢?
B: 任何一个假日都可以.
A: 那么周末晚上如何呢?
B: 太棒了.
will do 通常解释为“适当“、“适用“等意义.以下举出数种具体的例子:That won't do.为“这样不行“,I think it
will do.为“我想这很知适合“,Will it do if I pay you next week?"我下周再付钱给你可以吗?“,Will
these shoes do?为“这双鞋子合适吗?“,Five hundred dollars will do.为“五百元美金就够用“.以下介绍两种特别常用的会话,务必牢记!That
will do(这样就好了),This will do for to day.(今天就到此为止.)
be[have]done 完成
A: Is your work done?
B: Yeah, I've done it.
A: 你的工作做好了吗?
B: 是啊,我已经做完了.
do若与be、have等连用时,be done或have done就变成“完全“、“结束“等意思.以下简单介绍数种常用的说法:Is it done?(完成了吗?),I'm
done working.(我的工作完成了),Are you done eating?(你吃了吗?),I've done the dishes.(我已经把盘子洗好了),I've
done it.(那件我已经完成了)等.
I have done it.用于平辈朋友之间时,常将have省略而以I done it 的型态表示.
What do you do ? 你从事哪种工作?
A: What do you do?
B: I'm a factory worker.
A: How do you like you job?
B: It's OK, but sometimes I get bored.
A: 你从事什么工作呢?
B: 我在工厂做事.
A: 你喜欢你的工作吗?
B: 还好,但有时也会感到厌烦.
若想问对方“从事什么职业“时,可使用do而说“ What do you do?"此时为省略了What do you do for a living?中的for
a living之句型.
How do you like~?为“你喜欢~吗?“用于询问对方意见之时,而How do you like to~?,加上to不定词后,就变成“你喜欢从事~吗?“用于建议对方做~事.此两者十分类似,应特别小心避免误用!
What have you been doing? 你从事何种工作呢?
A: What have you been doing?
B: I've been doing construction work.
A: How did you get the Job?
B: Through an ad in the New York Times.
A: 你从事什么工作呢?
B: 我从事建筑工作.
A: 你是如何找到这份工作的呢?
B: 从《纽约时报》的广告看来的.
What have you been doing?也是用于询问对方职业,但如果使用have been doing则强调“从过去的某一段时间开始到说话的当时,一直从事~工作“.回答者因被质问have
been doing.所以回答时,也应使用相同的句型而说I have been doing~.
除此之外,用于质问对方职来的表示法尚有What are you doing?但这句话含有“你目前在做什么?“的意思,所以回答时必须要考虑前后关系,从而判断对方在质问什么.
Nothing doing 拒绝
A: Let's go surfing.
B: Nothing doing.
A: 让我们去冲浪吧!
B: 不.
对于说话者的要求想加以“拒绝“时,可使用Nothing doing.这是一种相当圆滑的表现,常用于平辈或朋友之间.此外,如果毫不犹豫地加以拒绝时,可使用No
way.
以下列举数种日常生活中,用于表示拒绝的常用会话:No thank you.(不,谢谢),I'd rather not.(我不想这么做),I guess
not.(我不想去),I'm not in the mood.(我没有这种心情)等.
help
help即是名词,也是动词,意思都是:帮助.
如:Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助.做名词
做动词时, 通常短语有: help…with…, help …to do sth都表示帮助某人某事或做某事,形式不同,但意思相同.
with是介词,所以help …with… 后接名词或动名词
to是不定式,所以help …to do …,后接动词原形.
你的句子:
Can you help me with music?
Can you help kids with singing?
help Lucy with her homework
help Lucy to do her homework
意思相同,形式不同.
go
曾听过一个笑话,说某人编了一个笑话,来说明各个单词的用法,是:来是come,去是go,点头yes,摇头no.其实,go这个单词不光有来的意思,它和其它的单词搭配起来,会组成很多的词组.
现就一些常见的短语,做以简单的介绍:
1、go about : start ( something or doing something)开始
How do you go about building a boat ?
你怎样开始制造一艘船的?
2、go after : chase ( someone )追寻,追求
Half of guards went after the escaped men, but they got away free.
一半的看守去追逃犯,可他们还是逃跑了.
3、go against: oppose 反对,违背
If you go against your father’s wishes, you will have to leave home .
如果你违背你父亲的意愿,你就不得不离开家.
4、go ahead: move in front of 快走
Go ahead, what are you waiting for ?
快走,你还等什么呢?
5、go away: leave 离开
There was no answer to my call, so I went away.
没有人接我的电话,我就走了.
6、go back on: fail to fulfil (a promise, an agreement )失约,毁约
You should never go back on your promise to anyone.
你不应该失信于任何人.
Don’t go back on your words.
你不要说话不算数啊!
7、go back to : trace back to, date from追溯到
Let me go back to my childhood, that my family was not rich.
让我回到我的童年时期,那时我家不算富裕.
8、go bankrupt: go broke, declare oneself or one’s business to be unable to pay破产
If trade does not improve soon, the firm may go bankrupt.
如果贸易不尽快提高的话,公司可能破产.
9、go Dutch: share the cost, as of a meal各付各的
Many women these days would rather go Dutch to show their independence, than be paid for by the men.
现在许多妇女宁愿自己付自己的那部分钱,以显示她们的独立,而不是由男人来付.
10、go in for: take an interest in 对……感兴趣
When does Tim go in for stamp collecting?
蒂姆什么时候开始集邮的?
make
make + 宾;+间宾+直宾;+直宾+for 做,制造
make paper;She made me a coat = She made a coat for me.
(2)make+宾+补(形、名、介词,过去分词等)使处于某种状态
Too much food made him ill.
(3)make + 宾+补(tov.) (迫)使某人(某做事)
They made her wait.
以上我找了1个半小时,希望采纳!