定语从句
Eg:1.He is such a man who never tells a lie.
2.He is the model worker whom/who we should learn from.
3.A dictionary is a book which often helps us to know the meanings of the words.
4.This is the film which I like best.
5.The boy whose father is a professor is one of my best friends.
6.The house whose roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.
关系代词which和that的区别：A.关系代词必须用
A.关系代词必须用that的情形：
1、当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
2、当先行词被序数词修饰
The first car that arrived at the destination was driven by John.
3、当先行词被the only,the very等修饰
This is the only ticket that I got yesterday.
This is the very book that I’m looking for.
4、当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时
Is there anything that I can do for you?
All that you have to do is to press the button.
There is no time that we can waste.
5、当先行词既指人又指物时
The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.只
B.指物时,作介词的宾语,关系代词只能用which
This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
关系副词when,where,why的用法
关系副词都等于一个适当的介词＋which,在从句中作状语
When=in/at/on/…+which;
Where=in/at/on/…+which;
Why=for /…+which
1.Do you still remember the day when(on which) we went to visit the museum together?
2.This is the factory where(in which)my father once worked.
3.This is the reason why(for which) he was late.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的修饰成分,否则主句的意思不完整或不成立.非限制性定语从句只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明,去掉之后主句的意思照样完整.
1.A man who does not try to learn from others can’t achieve much.
2.There’re many plays (that) I’d like to see.
3.This note was left by Xiao Wu,who was here a moment ago.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句在形式上的区别
限制性定语从句常和先行词紧密相连；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间常用逗号分开.
非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导.
非限制性定语从句常常用来修饰整个句子.
The team is headed by a 44-year-old Mongolian,whose wife is a Tibetan.
Yesterday Mr Brown paid a visit to Hangzhou,which is famous for its West Lake.
They have invited me to visit their country,which is very kind of them.
as引导定语从句,多与such和the same连用,在从句中作主语或宾语.
1.Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.
2.Let’s discuss only such questions as concern every one of us.
3.Would you please buy me the same novel as you bought for brother yesterday,Mum?
4.As we all know,John is an honest man.
比较：
She wore the same dress that she wore at Marry’s wedding.
注意事项：
1、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分
a、This is the place where he works.
This is the place which(that)we visited last year.
b、That was the time when he arrived.
Do you still remember the days that (which)we spent together?
c、This is the reason why he went.
The reason that (which)he gave us was quite reasonable.
2、关系代词放在介词后面,只能用which或whom
a.This is the boy with whom he worked.
b.This is the boy whomhe worked with.
c.This is the boy who he worked with.
d.This is the boy he worked with.
e.The house where we live is not large.
f.The house in which we live is not large.
g.The house which we live in is not large.
h.The house we live in is not large.