英语中的现在完成时的用法是什么?

4个回答

  • (1)现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在,也就是说,动作发生在过去,而对现在造成的影响和结果.   I have spent all of my money.(现在我没有钱花了.)   Jane has laid the table.(简已经摆好了桌子)   Michael has been ill.(现在仍然很虚弱)   He has returned from abroad.(现在已在此地)   (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.   ①for+时段 为…时间   ②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)   ③since+时段+ago   ④since+从句(过去时)   ●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)   Mary has been ill for three days.  I have lived here since 1998.  ●注:瞬间动词(buy,die,join,lose……)不能直接与for since 连用.要改变动词   come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in   go out----be out   finish----be over   open----be open   die----be dead   Buy---have   Fall ill---be ill   Come back---be back   Put on ---be on/wear   Worry---be worried   Catch a cold---have a cold   ………………   ★1.have代替buy   My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.  ★2、用keep或have代替borrow   I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.  ★3、用be替代become   How long has your sister been a teacher?  ★4、用have a cold代替catch a cold   Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.  ★5、用wear代替put on   b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词   1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill   3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep   5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave   7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut   9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose   c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词   1“be+on”代start,begin   2“be+up”代get up   3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to   4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等   d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词   1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to   2.用be in the army 代替join the army   3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to