像主谓宾就跟中文差不多.
据我所知:主语是一句话的主体,表明所说的是谁或什么,一般由名词,代词或不定式等担任.在陈述句中,主语放在句首或谓语之前;在疑问句或倒装句中,放在动词,助动词,情态动词之后;在there be结构中,放在be之后;在祈使句中,往往省略.eg:
Prevention is better than cure.(预防比治好,Prevention是主语)---名词
They study in No.2 Middle School.( They是主语)--代词
Three puls five equarls eight.(三加五等于八,Three是主语)--数词
谓语是句子中说明主语的动作、具有的特征或所处的场所,必须由动词担任.
一般放在主语之后.
eg:
We have read the letter.(have read是谓语)
She can speak French.(can speak是谓语)
Her clothes look very beautiful.(look very beautiful是谓语,此种形式称为名词性复合谓语:连系动词+表语)
宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语担任.eg:I love my country.(country是宾语)
定语是用来修饰名词或代词,说明人或物的状态‘品质、数量及所属等;由形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语来担任.
eg:The black bike is yours.(black是定语)
要注意:I'm strong (strong是表语,因为它放在连系动词之后)
状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、及句子,表示动作和状态的特征,或对某一特征做补充说明;由副词、介词、短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担任.
eg:They will come here next week.(next week-时间状语)
She was scolded for being late.(for being late-原因状语)
补语主要由谓词性词语、数量短语和介词短语充当.