(1)AgCl饱和所需Ag +浓度c(Ag +)=
K SP (AgCl)
C(C l - ) =
1.8×1 0 -10
0.01 mol/L =1.8×10 -8 mol/L,
Ag 2CrO 4饱和所需Ag +浓度c(Ag +)=
K SP
C(Cr O 4 2- ) =
1.9×1 0 -12
0.001 mol/L=4.36×10 -5 mol/L,
则1.8×10 -8 mol/L<4.36×10 -5 mol/L),所以Cl -先沉淀.
答:Cl -先沉淀;
(2)由Ag 2CrO 4沉淀时所需Ag +浓度求出此时溶液中Cl -的浓度.
C(Cl -)=
K SP
C(A g + ) =
1.8×1 0 -10
4.36×1 0 -5 mol/L =4.13×10 -6mol•L -1.
答:当刚出现Ag 2CrO 4沉淀时,溶液中Cl -的物质的量浓度为4.13×10 -6mol•L -1.