有3条途径
1、2Al + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2
AlCl3 + 3NaOH = Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
消耗HCl:12mol,NaOH:12mol
2、2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O = 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
NaAlO2 + HCl + H2O = Al(OH)3 + NaCl
消耗HCl:4mol,NaOH:4mol
3、将4molAl分成2份,
1份1mol,
2Al + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2
1份3mol,
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O = 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
AlCl3 + 3NaAlO2 + 6H2O = 4Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
很明显,方法3消耗的HCl和NaOH最少,消耗HCl:3mol,NaOH:3mol