There is widespread evidence of an attentional bias towards threat material in clinical anxiety and in non-clinical anxiety. Such findings are important because recent cognitive theories have proposed that such biases play a critical role in the etiology or maintenance of anxiety disorders. For example, Mathews suggested that attentional bias to threat cues in the environment will result in increased perception of danger, and therefore more frequent or intense experiences of anxiety.Evidence of an attentional bias for threat in anxiety has come from a range of studies using the modified Stroop and dot probe tasks. On the Stroop task, anxious individuals are typically slower in naming the colours of threat-related words than neutral words, which is consistent with their processing resources being selectively allocated to the threat word content. In the dot probe task, pairs of stimuli are briefly presented on a screen and immediately after they disappear a small dot probe is presented in the location of one of the words.Participants are required to respond as quickly as possible to the probe. The rationale for the task is that response latencies to probes will be faster if they occur in an attended, rather than unattended, region of the display and so the deployment of attention to the face stimuli can be inferred from the RT data
这是对在临床和非临床焦虑焦虑的注意偏向威胁材料广泛的证据.这样的结果是重要的因为最近的认知理论的提出,这种偏见在病因或焦虑障碍的维护起着至关重要的作用.例如,马修斯建议,注意偏向威胁线索的环境中会导致危险感知的增加,因此更频繁或强烈的经验的焦虑.焦虑的注意偏向威胁的证据来自一系列的研究,利用修正的斯特鲁普和点探测任务.在斯特鲁普任务,焦虑的人通常是缓慢的相关词的颜色命名的威胁比中性词,这是与他们的处理资源被选择性地分配到威胁词的内容一致.在点探测任务,对刺激简要呈现在屏幕上,他们消失后立即小点探针是一句中的位置.要求参加者尽快做出反应的探针.对于任务的理由是,响应延迟探针将如果他们发生在出席会更快,而不是无人值守的显示区域,所以注意脸刺激部署可以从RT数据推断
求采纳,好辛苦滴说